Online Exam Proctoring: A Comprehensive Review and Critical Analysis
Keywords:
AI-driven proctoring, artificial intelligence in education, online exam monitoring, AI-based surveillance, online education toolsAbstract
Like most other fields, the use of artificial intelligence in education is already transforming online testing with smart proctoring services. The flight to online education especially that of the COVID-19 pandemic, has increased the need for secure, scalable and dependable ways to take exams remotely. A new alternative is AI-driven online proctoring, which automates the old laborious proctoring process with systems that use facial recognition, gaze tracking, object detection and behavior monitoring to maintain the integrity of exams. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art AI exam proctoring systems, their technologies, features and issues. They are more secure, scalable and cost-effective and they can offer real-time feedback and analytics. Moreover, biometrics, anti-plagiarism, cloud scalability and offline capability make them far more useful in various educational contexts. But there are serious issues with data privacy, algorithmic bias, cost of implementation, fairness in access to technology and the mental health effects on test takers. This paper, through a survey of literature, examination of different models and consideration of applications, pinpoints the advantages as well as shortcomings of available systems and argues for more work in areas of ethical AI, algorithmic fairness and inclusive design. It ends with some ideas for the future, including using a combination of AI and humans to monitor, employing blockchain technology and developing flexible systems that maintain a healthy equilibrium between technology and human values in the educational realm.
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